{"id":14581,"date":"2025-07-31T20:14:55","date_gmt":"2025-07-31T18:14:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wsj-crypto.com\/?p=14581"},"modified":"2025-07-31T20:14:55","modified_gmt":"2025-07-31T18:14:55","slug":"revitalizing-ethereum-a-new-era-of-lean-development","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wsj-crypto.com\/index.php\/2025\/07\/31\/revitalizing-ethereum-a-new-era-of-lean-development\/","title":{"rendered":"Revitalizing Ethereum: A New Era of Lean Development"},"content":{"rendered":"<p> &#8220;`html<br \/>\n<\/p>\n<div id=\"\">\n<p class=\"chakra-text css-gi02ar\">Yesterday Ethereum celebrated its 10th anniversary. Today, <!-- --><em class=\"chakra-text css-0\">slim Ethereum<!-- --><\/em> is revealed as a vision\u2014and personal endeavor\u2014for the coming decade.<!-- --><\/p>\n<p><!-- --><\/p>\n<p class=\"chakra-text css-gi02ar\">We are on the brink of a new age. Millions of TPS. Quantum threats. How can Ethereum fuse extraordinary performance with unwavering security and decentralization?<!-- --><\/p>\n<p><!-- --><\/p>\n<p class=\"chakra-text css-gi02ar\"><strong>TLDR<!-- --><\/strong>: next-gen cryptography is pivotal for achieving both offense and defense.<!-- --><\/p>\n<p><!-- --><\/p>\n<p class=\"chakra-text css-gi02ar\"><em class=\"chakra-text css-0\">Disclaimer: This is a Drake perspective\u2122 intended for a broad audience. A detailed examination of hash-based post-quantum signatures and SNARKs will follow. A diverse array of perspectives throughout Protocol, the EF, and the larger Ethereum community is anticipated and appreciated. It fortifies us.<!-- --><\/em><\/p>\n<p><!-- --><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"chakra-heading group css-5wg09l\" id=\"defensefort-mode\" data-group=\"true\"><a class=\"chakra-link css-njp5m2\" aria-label=\"defensefort mode permalink\" href=\"#defensefort-mode\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" focusable=\"false\" class=\"chakra-icon css-173jpr1\"><g fill=\"currentColor\"><path d=\"M10.458,18.374,7.721,21.11a2.853,2.853,0,0,1-3.942,0l-.892-.891a2.787,2.787,0,0,1,0-3.941l5.8-5.8a2.789,2.789,0,0,1,3.942,0l.893.892A1,1,0,0,0,14.94,9.952l-.893-.892a4.791,4.791,0,0,0-6.771,0l-5.8,5.8a4.787,4.787,0,0,0,0,6.77l.892.891a4.785,4.785,0,0,0,6.771,0l2.736-2.735a1,1,0,1,0-1.414-1.415Z\"\/><path d=\"M22.526,2.363l-.892-.892a4.8,4.8,0,0,0-6.77,0l-2.905,2.9a1,1,0,0,0,1.414,1.414l2.9-2.9a2.79,2.79,0,0,1,3.941,0l.893.893a2.786,2.786,0,0,1,0,3.942l-5.8,5.8a2.769,2.769,0,0,1-1.971.817h0a2.766,2.766,0,0,1-1.969-.816,1,1,0,1,0-1.415,1.412,4.751,4.751,0,0,0,3.384,1.4h0a4.752,4.752,0,0,0,3.385-1.4l5.8-5.8a4.786,4.786,0,0,0,0-6.771Z\"\/><\/g><\/svg><\/a>defense\u2014fort mode<!-- --><\/h2>\n<p><!-- --><\/p>\n<p class=\"chakra-text css-gi02ar\">Ethereum is unique. <!-- --><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"chakra-link css-ug8vf0\" href=\"https:\/\/ethereumuptime.org\">100% uptime<!-- --><\/a> since inception. Unmatched client variety. <!-- --><strong>130B USD in economic defense<!-- --><\/strong> (35.7M ETH staked \u00d7 3.7K USD)\u2014possibly soon reaching 1T USD.<!-- --><\/p>\n<p><!-- --><\/p>\n<p class=\"chakra-text css-gi02ar\">Ethereum is set to be the foundation of <!-- --><strong>the internet of value<!-- --><\/strong>, safeguarding hundreds of trillions over decades, even centuries.<!-- --><\/p>\n<p><!-- --><\/p>\n<p class=\"chakra-text css-gi02ar\">Ethereum must endure it all: nation-states, quantum systems. Whatever may arise. We call it <!-- --><em class=\"chakra-text css-0\">fort mode<!-- --><\/em>. If the internet is operational, Ethereum operates. <!-- --><strong>If the world is digital, the world is onchain.<!-- --><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><!-- --><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"chakra-heading group css-5wg09l\" id=\"offensebeast-mode\" data-group=\"true\"><a class=\"chakra-link css-njp5m2\" aria-label=\"offensebeast mode permalink\" href=\"#offensebeast-mode\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" focusable=\"false\" class=\"chakra-icon css-173jpr1\"><g fill=\"currentColor\"><path d=\"M10.458,18.374,7.721,21.11a2.853,2.853,0,0,1-3.942,0l-.892-.891a2.787,2.787,0,0,1,0-3.941l5.8-5.8a2.789,2.789,0,0,1,3.942,0l.893.892A1,1,0,0,0,14.94,9.952l-.893-.892a4.791,4.791,0,0,0-6.771,0l-5.8,5.8a4.787,4.787,0,0,0,0,6.77l.892.891a4.785,4.785,0,0,0,6.771,0l2.736-2.735a1,1,0,1,0-1.414-1.415Z\"\/><path d=\"M22.526,2.363l-.892-.892a4.8,4.8,0,0,0-6.77,0l-2.905,2.9a1,1,0,0,0,1.414,1.414l2.9-2.9a2.79,2.79,0,0,1,3.941,0l.893.893a2.786,2.786,0,0,1,0,3.942l-5.8,5.8a2.769,2.769,0,0,1-1.971.817h0a2.766,2.766,0,0,1-1.969-.816,1,1,0,1,0-1.415,1.412,4.751,4.751,0,0,0,3.384,1.4h0a4.752,4.752,0,0,0,3.385-1.4l5.8-5.8a4.786,4.786,0,0,0,0-6.771Z\"\/><\/g><\/svg><\/a>offense\u2014beast mode<!-- --><\/h2>\n<p><!-- --><\/p>\n<p class=\"chakra-text css-gi02ar\">Ethereum is eager. &#8220;Scale L1, scale blobs&#8221; is a strategic imperative within the EF&#8217;s Protocol team. Anticipate noticeable performance improvements in the next 6\u201312 months.<!-- --><\/p>\n<p><!-- --><\/p>\n<p class=\"chakra-text css-gi02ar\">Looking further ahead? Envision gigagas L1, teragas L2. Let&#8217;s label it <!-- --><em class=\"chakra-text css-0\">beast mode<!-- --><\/em>.<!-- --><\/p>\n<p><!-- --><\/p>\n<ul role=\"list\" class=\"css-1onhfjo\">\n<li class=\"css-cvpopp\"><strong>1 gigagas\/sec on L1<!-- --><\/strong>: 10K TPS, ambitious vertical scaling<!-- --><\/li>\n<li class=\"css-cvpopp\"><strong>1 teragas\/sec on L2<!-- --><\/strong>: 1M TPS, extensive horizontal scaling<!-- --><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- --><\/p>\n<p class=\"chakra-text css-gi02ar\">Scaling vs decentralization? Why not incorporate both. The complex calculations we require are now manageable:<!-- --><\/p>\n<p><!-- --><\/p>\n<ul role=\"list\" class=\"css-1onhfjo\">\n<li class=\"css-cvpopp\"><strong>real-time zkVMs<!-- --><\/strong> for efficient execution<!-- --><\/li>\n<li class=\"css-cvpopp\"><strong>data availability sampling<!-- --><\/strong> (DAS) for streamlined data<!-- --><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- --><\/p>\n<p class=\"chakra-text css-gi02ar\">A delightful cherry on the top: complete chain verification across every browser, wallet, phone.<!-- --><\/p>\n<p><!-- --><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"chakra-heading group css-5wg09l\" id=\"lean-upgrades\" data-group=\"true\"><a class=\"chakra-link css-njp5m2\" aria-label=\"lean upgrades permalink\" href=\"#lean-upgrades\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" focusable=\"false\" class=\"chakra-icon css-173jpr1\"><g fill=\"currentColor\"><path d=\"M10.458,18.374,7.721,21.11a2.853,2.853,0,0,1-3.942,0l-.892-.891a2.787,2.787,0,0,1,0-3.941l5.8-5.8a2.789,2.789,0,0,1,3.942,0l.893.892A1,1,0,0,0,14.94,9.952l-.893-.892a4.791,4.791,0,0,0-6.771,0l-5.8,5.8a4.787,4.787,0,0,0,0,6.77l.892.891a4.785,4.785,0,0,0,6.771,0l2.736-2.735a1,1,0,1,0-1.414-1.415Z\"\/><path d=\"M22.526,2.363l-.892-.892a4.8,4.8,0,0,0-6.77,0l-2.905,2.9a1,1,0,0,0,1.414,1.414l2.9-2.9a2.79,2.79,0,0,1,3.941,0l.893.893a2.786,2.786,0,0,1,0,3.942l-5.8,5.8a2.769,2.769,0,0,1-1.971.817h0a2.766,2.766,0,0,1-1.969-.816,1,1,0,1,0-1.415,1.412,4.751,4.751,0,0,0,3.384,1.4h0a4.752,4.752,0,0,0,3.385-1.4l5.8-5.8a4.786,4.786,0,0,0,0-6.771Z\"\/><\/g><\/svg><\/a>lean upgrades<!-- --><\/h2>\n<p><!-- --><\/p>\n<p class=\"chakra-text css-gi02ar\">Slim Ethereum introduces daring upgrades across all three L1 sublayers:<!-- --><\/p>\n<p><!-- --><\/p>\n<ul role=\"list\" class=\"css-1onhfjo\">\n<li class=\"css-cvpopp\"><strong>lean consensus<!-- --><\/strong> is <!-- --><em class=\"chakra-text css-0\">beacon chain 2.0:<!-- --><\/em> fortified for ultimate security and decentralization, with finality in seconds; previously known as &#8220;beam chain&#8221;<!-- --><\/li>\n<li class=\"css-cvpopp\"><strong>lean data<!-- --><\/strong> is <!-- --><em class=\"chakra-text css-0\">blobs 2.0:<!-- --><\/em> post-quantum blobs, plus detailed blob sizing for a calldata-like developer interaction<!-- --><\/li>\n<li class=\"css-cvpopp\"><strong>lean execution<!-- --><\/strong> is <!-- --><em class=\"chakra-text css-0\">EVM 2.0:<!-- --><\/em> a streamlined, SNARK-friendly instruction set (potentially RISC-V; pronounced &#8220;risk five&#8221;), enhancing performance while maintaining EVM compatibility and its network effects<!-- --><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- --><\/p>\n<p class=\"chakra-text css-gi02ar\">The consensus layer (CL), data layer (DL), execution layer (EL) have all been reimagined from foundational principles. Collectively, they enable fort mode and beast mode.<!-- --><\/p>\n<p><!-- --><\/p>\n<p class=\"chakra-text css-gi02ar\"><strong>The objective:<!-- --><\/strong> performance abundance within the constraints of unavoidable continuity, maximum resilience, and refreshing simplicity.<!-- --><\/p>\n<p><!-- --><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"chakra-heading group css-5wg09l\" id=\"lean-cryptography\" data-group=\"true\"><a class=\"chakra-link css-njp5m2\" aria-label=\"lean cryptography permalink\" href=\"#lean-cryptography\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" focusable=\"false\" class=\"chakra-icon css-173jpr1\"><g fill=\"currentColor\"><path d=\"M10.458,18.374,7.721,21.11a2.853,2.853,0,0,1-3.942,0l-.892-.891a2.787,2.787,0,0,1,0-3.941l5.8-5.8a2.789,2.789,0,0,1,3.942,0l.893.892A1,1,0,0,0,14.94,9.952l-.893-.892a4.791,4.791,0,0,0-6.771,0l-5.8,5.8a4.787,4.787,0,0,0,0,6.77l.892.891a4.785,4.785,0,0,0,6.771,0l2.736-2.735a1,1,0,1,0-1.414-1.415Z\"\/>\n&#8220;&#8220;&#8220;html\n<path d=\"M22.526,2.363l-.892-.892a4.8,4.8,0,0,0-6.77,0l-2.905,2.9a1,1,0,0,0,1.414,1.414l2.9-2.9a2.79,2.79,0,0,1,3.941,0l.893.893a2.786,2.786,0,0,1,0,3.942l-5.8,5.8a2.769,2.769,0,0,1-1.971.817h0a2.766,2.766,0,0,1-1.969-.816,1,1,0,1,0-1.415,1.412,4.751,4.751,0,0,0,3.384,1.4h0a4.752,4.752,0,0,0,3.385-1.4l5.8-5.8a4.786,4.786,0,0,0,0-6.771Z\"\/><\/g><\/svg><\/a>slim cryptography<!-- --><\/h2>\n<p><!-- --><\/p>\n<p class=\"chakra-text css-gi02ar\">Hash-centered cryptography is emerging as the prime base for slim Ethereum. It provides a fascinating, cohesive solution to two significant trends transforming the ecosystem:<!-- --><\/p>\n<p><!-- --><\/p>\n<ul role=\"list\" class=\"css-1onhfjo\">\n<li class=\"css-cvpopp\">the tremendous <!-- --><strong>growth of SNARKs<!-- --><\/strong><\/li>\n<li class=\"css-cvpopp\">the impending <!-- --><strong>quantum peril<!-- --><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- --><\/p>\n<p class=\"chakra-text css-gi02ar\">Visualize the slimmest cryptographic block\u2014the hash function\u2014independently driving L1:<!-- --><\/p>\n<p><!-- --><\/p>\n<ul role=\"list\" class=\"css-1onhfjo\">\n<li class=\"css-cvpopp\"><strong>CL<!-- --><\/strong>: <!-- --><em class=\"chakra-text css-0\">hash-driven aggregate signatures<!-- --><\/em> enhance BLS signatures<!-- --><\/li>\n<li class=\"css-cvpopp\"><strong>DL<!-- --><\/strong>: <!-- --><em class=\"chakra-text css-0\">hash-driven DAS commitments<!-- --><\/em> enhance KZG commitments<!-- --><\/li>\n<li class=\"css-cvpopp\"><strong>EL<!-- --><\/strong>: <!-- --><em class=\"chakra-text css-0\">hash-driven instantaneous zkVMs<!-- --><\/em> enhance EVM re-execution<!-- --><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- --><\/p>\n<p class=\"chakra-text css-gi02ar\">A cryptographic gem in each of slim CL, slim DL, slim EL.<!-- --><\/p>\n<p><!-- --><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"chakra-heading group css-5wg09l\" id=\"slim-craft\" data-group=\"true\"><a class=\"chakra-link css-njp5m2\" aria-label=\"slim craft permalink\" href=\"#slim-craft\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" focusable=\"false\" class=\"chakra-icon css-173jpr1\"><g fill=\"currentColor\"><path d=\"M10.458,18.374,7.721,21.11a2.853,2.853,0,0,1-3.942,0l-.892-.891a2.787,2.787,0,0,1,0-3.941l5.8-5.8a2.789,2.789,0,0,1,3.942,0l.893.892A1,1,0,0,0,14.94,9.952l-.893-.892a4.791,4.791,0,0,0-6.771,0l-5.8,5.8a4.787,4.787,0,0,0,0,6.77l.892.891a4.785,4.785,0,0,0,6.771,0l2.736-2.735a1,1,0,1,0-1.414-1.415Z\"\/><path d=\"M22.526,2.363l-.892-.892a4.8,4.8,0,0,0-6.77,0l-2.905,2.9a1,1,0,0,0,1.414,1.414l2.9-2.9a2.79,2.79,0,0,1,3.941,0l.893.893a2.786,2.786,0,0,1,0,3.942l-5.8,5.8a2.769,2.769,0,0,1-1.971.817h0a2.766,2.766,0,0,1-1.969-.816,1,1,0,1,0-1.415,1.412,4.751,4.751,0,0,0,3.384,1.4h0a4.752,4.752,0,0,0,3.385-1.4l5.8-5.8a4.786,4.786,0,0,0,0-6.771Z\"\/><\/g><\/svg><\/a>slim craft<!-- --><\/h2>\n<p><!-- --><\/p>\n<p class=\"chakra-text css-gi02ar\">Slim Ethereum transcends mere blueprints for reinforcing and expanding Ethereum. It&#8217;s more than just a commitment to security, decentralization, and cutting-edge cryptography. It embodies a style. An artistic expression. A craft. Think of Jiro in <!-- --><em class=\"chakra-text css-0\">Dreams of Sushi<!-- --><\/em>. When we can exceed expectations, we do.<!-- --><\/p>\n<p><!-- --><\/p>\n<p class=\"chakra-text css-gi02ar\">Minimalism. Modularity. Encapsulated intricacy. Formal assurance. Demonstrable security. Demonstrable optimality. These are nuanced yet crucial technical elements. Remain tuned for the upcoming post regarding post-quantum cryptography that will elucidate them.<!-- --><\/p>\n<p><!-- --><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"chakra-heading group css-5wg09l\" id=\"slim-legacy\" data-group=\"true\"><a class=\"chakra-link css-njp5m2\" aria-label=\"slim legacy permalink\" href=\"#slim-legacy\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" focusable=\"false\" class=\"chakra-icon css-173jpr1\"><g fill=\"currentColor\"><path d=\"M10.458,18.374,7.721,21.11a2.853,2.853,0,0,1-3.942,0l-.892-.891a2.787,2.787,0,0,1,0-3.941l5.8-5.8a2.789,2.789,0,0,1,3.942,0l.893.892A1,1,0,0,0,14.94,9.952l-.893-.892a4.791,4.791,0,0,0-6.771,0l-5.8,5.8a4.787,4.787,0,0,0,0,6.77l.892.891a4.785,4.785,0,0,0,6.771,0l2.736-2.735a1,1,0,1,0-1.414-1.415Z\"\/><path d=\"M22.526,2.363l-.892-.892a4.8,4.8,0,0,0-6.77,0l-2.905,2.9a1,1,0,0,0,1.414,1.414l2.9-2.9a2.79,2.79,0,0,1,3.941,0l.893.893a2.786,2.786,0,0,1,0,3.942l-5.8,5.8a2.769,2.769,0,0,1-1.971.817h0a2.766,2.766,0,0,1-1.969-.816,1,1,0,1,0-1.415,1.412,4.751,4.751,0,0,0,3.384,1.4h0a4.752,4.752,0,0,0,3.385-1.4l5.8-5.8a4.786,4.786,0,0,0,0-6.771Z\"\/><\/g><\/svg><\/a>slim legacy<!-- --><\/h2>\n<p><!-- --><\/p>\n<p class=\"chakra-text css-gi02ar\">After a decade of remarkable accomplishments, slim Ethereum stands as a generational commitment. To sustain Ethereum online no matter the circumstances. To scale it unreservedly. To render it deserving of those who come afterwards.<!-- --><\/p>\n<p><!-- --><\/p>\n<p class=\"chakra-text css-gi02ar\">This is centered around legacy. We are creators, we are visionaries. We are Ethereum. I hope you <!-- --><strong>accompany us<!-- --><\/strong>.<!-- --><\/p>\n<p><!-- --><\/p>\n<p class=\"chakra-text css-gi02ar\"><a class=\"chakra-link css-ug8vf0\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.ethereum.org\/en\/2025\/07\/31\/mailto:lean@ethereum.org\">lean@ethereum.org<!-- --><\/a><\/p>\n<p><!-- --><\/p>\n<p class=\"chakra-text css-gi02ar\"><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"chakra-link css-ug8vf0\" href=\"https:\/\/leanroadmap.org\">leanroadmap.org<!-- --><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><br \/>\n<br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/blog.ethereum.org\/en\/2025\/07\/31\/lean-ethereum\">Source link <\/a><br \/>\n&#8220;`<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&#8220;`html Yesterday Ethereum celebrated its 10th anniversary. Today, slim Ethereum is revealed as a vision\u2014and personal endeavor\u2014for the coming decade. We are on the brink of a new age. Millions of TPS. Quantum threats. How can Ethereum fuse extraordinary performance with unwavering security and decentralization? TLDR: next-gen cryptography is pivotal for achieving both offense and<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":8282,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[3168],"class_list":{"0":"post-14581","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-ethereum","8":"tag-return-a-list-of-comma-separated-tags-from-this-title-lean-ethereum-ethereum-foundation-blog"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Revitalizing Ethereum: A New Era of Lean Development - WSJ-Crypto<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/wsj-crypto.com\/index.php\/2025\/07\/31\/revitalizing-ethereum-a-new-era-of-lean-development\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"it_IT\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Revitalizing Ethereum: A New Era of Lean Development - WSJ-Crypto\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"&#8220;`html Yesterday Ethereum celebrated its 10th anniversary. Today, slim Ethereum is revealed as a vision\u2014and personal endeavor\u2014for the coming decade. We are on the brink of a new age. Millions of TPS. Quantum threats. How can Ethereum fuse extraordinary performance with unwavering security and decentralization? 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